Long i and short i sounds in English

All vowels in English can be pronounced with either a short sound and or a long sound. For example: “paper” and “paternity”. Today, let’s work on the vowel “i” which tends to be difficult for French speakers. First, let’s review all English vowels together: a, e, i, o, u.

Short “i”, like SIT — Long “i”, like BIKE

Here are some words with the long “i” first, then the short “i”:

  • file/fill
  • mice/miss
  • fight/fit
  • night/knit

Short “i” sound, like SIT

imagine, engine, famine, pig, quick, bit, zip, hill, brick, sick

Long “i” sound, like BIKE

bike, stripe, file, night, bright, light, site, high, why, fly, apply, satisfy

Practice: make a sentence with the following words:

sit / site

hit / height

pin / pine

file / fill

fight / fit

Some words have both sounds in the same word: crisis [cry-sis]

 

How to Pronounce Words that end in ED

In English there are 3 ways to pronounce words that end in “ED”

/t/ {like Burt} helped, laughed, washed, watched, kissed, danced, fixed, hoped, liked, reached, stopped, advanced, cooked, developed, walked, worked, missed, marched

/d/ {like Fred} called, cleaned, offered, damaged, loved, used, claimed, played, allowed, begged, remained, answered, arranged, arrived, burned

/id/ {like David} wanted, needed, invited, landed, visited, greeted, started, rested, ended, completed, created, decided, estimated, invented, started, limited

It is easier to memorize how to say common words than to understand complex phonetics rules. So I recommend you listen and repeat and be aware of this difficulty in English.

Difficult Words

allow, allowed
This machine will allow us to make better parts.
We are not allowed to smoke in the building.

engine
This new engine is fuel efficient.

mayor
The new mayor is popular.

now
Now is the time to take action.

Silent H page 3

One of the most difficult things for a French speaker to do correctly in English is to decide if the H needs to be heard or not. Here are words that will help you practice this. PAGE 3.

hey/A
• Hey! How are you?
• I like to get As in class

hi/high/eye
• Hi! How are you?
• He’s living high on the hog!
• You have a good eye for style

hide/I’d
• If I were you I’d hide this ugly picture

highbrow/eyebrow
• I don’t understand highbrow cultural events
• He needs to pluck his eyebrows

high-level/eye level
• Here is a high-level review of the plan
• Paintings need to hang at eye level

hill/ill
• This is a steep hill to climb
• She has been ill for the last few days

hire/ire
• This company is making an effort to hire diverse people
• I fear my wife’s ire

his/is
• His face is red from the cold
• Is Ike your friend?

hit/it
• He hit it out of the park!
• It is irrelevant one way or the other

hitch/itch
• I need a car with a hitch
• This itch is driving me crazy!

hive/I’ve
• She broke into hives after she ate shellfish
• I’ve got a good idea!

hoe/O
• Can I borrow your garden hoe?

hold/old
• This hold music is horrible
• Old dogs are wonderful

hone/own
• You have to hone in on the problem
• She owns a great car

honor *
• It’s an honor to honor WWI veterans

hoops/oops
• Let’s go shooting hoops!
• Oops I can’t find my keys.

hors d’oeuvre *
• The hors d’oeuvres were fantastic!

hot/ought
• It’s hot today!
• You ought to think about this again

hour/our *
• The hour of judgement is near
• Our friends are our best allies

hours/ours *
• They drink coffee at all hours of the day
• Ours is a beautiful flag

hover/over **
• Some mothers hover over their children
• His glory days are over

how/ow
• How can you stand the pressure?
• Ow! I hurt my finger!

howl/owl
• Some dogs howl at the moon
• Owls can turn their heads more than people can

hum/um
• They hum a nice song
• Um, what do you mean?

* Silent H (although Brits do pronounce the H in herb)
** The words have different vowel sounds
*** The words might have different vowel sounds, according to the accent

Silent H keyboard

Silent H page 2

One of the most difficult things for a French speaker to do correctly in English is to decide if the H needs to be heard or not. Here are words that will help you practice this. PAGE 2.

haul/all
• I need to haul this garbage to the dump
• All my friends like my new haircut

haunt/aunt ***
• Ghosts haunt this house
• My aunt thinks her house is haunted

he/E
• He had a great time!
• She had a hard time saying the letter E

head/Ed
• She’s at the head of her class
• Ed needs to take special Ed classes

heady/Eddie
• She has heady opinions
• Eddie is a great guy!

heal/heel/he’ll/eel
• Doctors can heal this sort of ailment
• I can teach a dog how to heel
• He’ll forget about this misadventure quickly
• The electric eel is an interesting animal

hear/ear/here
• I hear with my ears
• Here you are!

hearing/earring
• My hearing is getting worse with time
• She makes beautiful earnings

hearth/earth **
• We like to sit near the hearth
• The earth is glorious

hearts/arts
• The children have big hearts
• The arts are an important part of a good education

heat/eat
• This heat is making me uncomfortable
• I am not popular because I like to eat garlic and beans

hedge/edge
• Many birds live in this hedge
• They like to live on the edge

helm/elm
• The captain is at the helm
• Elm trees are beautiful

herb *
• There are medicinal herbs in nature

he’s/ease
• He’s speaking with ease

hew/hue/Hugh/ewe
• To hew a tree (cut down)
• I love this hue of purple
• Hugh Grant is a good-looking man
• A ewe is a girl sheep

* Silent H (although Brits do pronounce the H in herb)
** The words have different vowel sounds
*** The words might have different vowel sounds, according to the accent

Silent H

Silent H page 1

One of the most difficult things for a French speaker to do correctly in English is to decide if the H needs to be heard or not. Here are examples of words that sound the same except that some have an aspirated H and others do not. Do you know what all those words mean? If you don’t, ask!

had/ad
• I had a good time
• This ad is awful

hail/ail/ale
• We got caught in a hail storm
• This is good for what ails you
• My favorite kind of beer is ale

hair/*heir/air
• Your hair looks nice today
• The heirs are getting along very well
• I love the scent of sea air

hairbrush/airbrush
• Where did you put the hairbrush?
• I don’t like how they airbrush all the photos in the magazines

hairline/airline
• Men in their 50s sometimes have a receding hairline
• My favorite airline is…

hall/all
• I don’t like to see students loitering in the hall
• All my friends enjoyed this movie.

hallowed/allowed **
• The war memorial is hallowed ground
• Yes, it is allowed

halter/alter
• Halter tops without sleeves are popular in the summer for women
• Sometimes it is wise to alter your opinion

ham/am
• Ham is a great Christmas food in America
• I am very motivated to improve my English

hand/and
• The right hand doesn’t know what the left hand is doing!
• And your point is?

hanger/anger **
• Remember to put your clothes on a hanger
• Anger is natural, but it does not solve anything

hanker/anchor
• I have a hankering for strawberries
• The ship’s anchor is huge!

harm/arm
• First do no harm
• Keep your arm inside of the vehicle!

has/as
• She has a great sense of humor
• Toulouse is 20 kilometers from my house as the crow flies

hash/ash
• Hashtag #Happy
• The ash in the air is giving me a cough

hat/at
• That’s a beautiful hat!
• At this point I am not sure what to do

hate/ate/eight
• I hate it when you ignore me!
• He ate a lot of chocolate
• The cat gave birth to eight kittens

* Silent H (although Brits do pronounce the H in herb)
** The words have different vowel sounds
*** The words might have different vowel sounds, according to the accent

Keyboard letter H